Geotextiles: njira yosinthira zosefera pama projekiti omanga

M’dziko la zomangamanga, kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zabwino n’kofunika kwambiri kuti ntchitoyo ikhale yaitali komanso kuti ntchitoyo ikhale yopambana. Zikafika pakukhazikika kwa dothi ndi ngalande, ma geotextiles ndiye yankho lachisankho, lopatsa mphamvu zapamwamba komanso kulimba. Mtundu wapadera wageotextilewotchedwa fyuluta nsalu ikukhala wotchuka kwambiri chifukwa chapamwamba kusefera katundu, kulola kuti bwino kulamulira madzi oyenda ndi kupewa kukokoloka nthaka.

Nsalu zosefera ndi mtundu wapadera wa geotextile wopangidwa kuti usefe tinthu tating'onoting'ono tamadzi. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga zosiyanasiyana monga misewu ndi njanji, makoma osungira, madamu ndi zotayiramo nthaka. Ntchito yaikulu ya nsaluyi ndikulekanitsa zigawo za nthaka ndikupereka maziko okhazikika a zipangizo zina zomangira.

Mapangidwe apadera asefa nsaluimalola kuti madzi adutse ndikuletsa kusamuka kwa tinthu tating'ono. Njira yoseferayi imalepheretsa kutsekeka ndikusunga mphamvu ya hydraulic ya geotechnical system, kuonetsetsa kuti madzi akuyenda mosalekeza. Nsalu zosefera zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri kuti mamangidwe ake asamakokoloke komanso kuti madzi aziyenda bwino.

Mphamvu zosefera za nsalu zosefera ndizopindulitsa makamaka pamakina apansi panthaka. Pamene miyala kapena miyala yophwanyidwa imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati maziko, imalepheretsa kutseka ndikulola madzi kudutsa momasuka. Njirayi imatsimikizira kuti madzi owonjezera amachotsedwa bwino m'misewu, minda ndi malo ena omangidwa, motero amalimbikitsa bata ndi kuteteza kuwonongeka kwa madzi.

Kuphatikiza pa machitidwe a ngalande, nsalu zosefera nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zolekanitsa pakati pa zigawo zosiyanasiyana za nthaka. Imakhala ngati chotchinga cholepheretsa kusakanikirana kwa dothi la coarse-grained, kuchotseratu chiwopsezo cha kukhazikika kosiyana. Kudzipatula kumeneku sikuti kumangowonjezera kukhazikika kwa kapangidwe ka ntchito yomanga, komanso kumateteza chilengedwe poletsa zowononga kuti zisasunthike m'nthaka.

Posankha nsalu zosefera, m'pofunika kuganizira zinthu monga kuthamanga, permeability, ndi kulimba. Ma projekiti osiyanasiyana amafunikira mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana, ndipo kufunsana ndi injiniya wodziwa bwino za geotechnical kungathandize kudziwa nsalu yabwino kwambiri yosefera kuti mugwiritse ntchito mwapadera.

Pomaliza, ma geotextiles, ndi nsalu zosefera makamaka, ndizokhazikika komanso zofunika kwambiri pakumanga. Mphamvu zake zapamwamba zosefera zimapangitsa kukhala chisankho chodalirika cha kukhazikika kwa nthaka, kayendedwe ka ngalande ndi kuteteza chilengedwe. Poyendetsa bwino kayendedwe ka madzi ndikuletsa kukokoloka kwa nthaka, nsalu zosefera zimatsimikizira moyo wautali komanso kupambana kwa ntchito yomanga.